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  	    <title>Biomedical and Environmental Sciences</title>
    <link>/</link>
    <description><![CDATA[《Biomedical and Environmental Sciences》2017年第1期]]></description>
    <year><![CDATA[2017]]></year>
    <volume><![CDATA[30]]></volume>
    <issue><![CDATA[1]]></issue>
    	    <item>
	       	<title>Plasma apoCIII Levels in Relation to Inflammatory Traits and Metabolic Syndrome in Patients not Treated with Lipid-lowering Drugs Undergoing Coronary Angiography</title>
	      	<link>//article/id/d5f7d834-64ab-465f-8b70-8a5fabaf4c00</link>
	     	<description><![CDATA[&amp;lt;sec&amp;lt;		 &amp;lt;b&amp;lt;Objective&amp;lt;/b&amp;lt; Assessment of the comprehensive relationship among apolipoprotein CIII (apoCIII) levels, inflammation, and metabolic disorders is rare.&amp;lt;/sec&amp;lt;&amp;lt;sec&amp;lt;		 &amp;lt;b&amp;lt;Methods&amp;lt;/b&amp;lt; A total of 1455 consecutive patients not treated with lipid-lowering drugs and undergoing coronary angiography were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. A mediation analysis was used to detect the underlying role of apoCIII in the association of inflammation with metabolic syndrome (MetS).&amp;lt;/sec&amp;lt;&amp;lt;sec&amp;lt;		 &amp;lt;b&amp;lt;Results&amp;lt;/b&amp;lt; Patients with MetS showed higher levels of apoCIII[95.1 (73.1-131.4) &amp;lt;i&amp;lt;vs&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt;. 81.7 (58.6-112.4) μg/mL, &amp;lt;i&amp;lt;P&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt;&amp;lt;0.001] and inflammatory markers[high sensitivity C-reactive protein, 1.7 (0.8-3.4) &amp;lt;i&amp;lt;vs&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt;. 1.1 (0.5-2.2) mg/L; white blood cell count, (6.48±1.68) &amp;lt;i&amp;lt;vs&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt;. (6.11±1.67)×10&amp;lt;sup&amp;lt;9&amp;lt;/sup&amp;lt;/L]. The levels of apoCIII and inflammatory markers increased with the number of metabolic risk components (all &amp;lt;i&amp;lt;P&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt;&amp;lt;0.001). Furthermore, apoCIII levels were associated with virtually all individual MetS risk factors and inflammatory markers (all &amp;lt;i&amp;lt;P&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt;&amp;lt;0.05). Importantly, the prevalence of MetS in each metabolic disorder rose as apoCIII levels increased (all &amp;lt;i&amp;lt;P&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt;&amp;lt;0.05). Mediation analysis showed that apoCIII partially mediated the effect of inflammation on MetS independently from triglycerides.&amp;lt;/sec&amp;lt;&amp;lt;sec&amp;lt;		 &amp;lt;b&amp;lt;Conclusion&amp;lt;/b&amp;lt; Plasma apoCIII levels were significantly associated with the development and severity of MetS, and a role of apoCIII in the effect of inflammation on the development of MetS was identified.		&amp;lt;/sec&amp;lt;]]></description>
	      	<volume>30</volume>
	      	<issue>1</issue>
	      	<startPage>1</startPage>
	      	<endPage>9</endPage>
	      	<author>
				Na Qiong WU, Sha LI, Yan ZHANG, Cheng Gang ZHU, Yuan Lin GUO, Ying GAO, Ping QING, Jing SUN, Geng LIU, Qian DONG, Jian Jun LI
	      	</author>
	    </item>
    	    <item>
	       	<title>Antitumor Activities and Apoptosis-regulated Mechanisms of Fermented Barley Extract in the Transplantation Tumor Model of Human HT-29 Cells in Nude Mice</title>
	      	<link>//article/id/6ad390fd-bb32-4240-94f0-8633e97cc404</link>
	     	<description><![CDATA[&amp;lt;sec&amp;lt;		 &amp;lt;b&amp;lt;Objective&amp;lt;/b&amp;lt; A subcutaneous transplantation tumor model of human HT-29 cells was established in nude mice to study the anticarcinogenic activities and apoptosis-regulatory mechanistic effect of aqueous extract of fermented barley with &amp;lt;i&amp;lt;Lactobacillus plantarum&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt; dy-1 (LFBE).&amp;lt;/sec&amp;lt;&amp;lt;sec&amp;lt;		 &amp;lt;b&amp;lt;Methods&amp;lt;/b&amp;lt; HT-29 cells were transplanted via subcutaneous injection of 1×10&amp;lt;sup&amp;lt;7&amp;lt;/sup&amp;lt; cells into the right flank of each nude mouse. Then, nude mice were treated for 30 days with LFBE (high-dose 2 g·kg&amp;lt;sup&amp;lt;-1&amp;lt;/sup&amp;lt;·d&amp;lt;sup&amp;lt;-1&amp;lt;/sup&amp;lt;; low-dose 1 g·kg&amp;lt;sup&amp;lt;-1&amp;lt;/sup&amp;lt;·d&amp;lt;sup&amp;lt;-1&amp;lt;/sup&amp;lt;) and for 7 days with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, 25 g·kg&amp;lt;sup&amp;lt;-1&amp;lt;/sup&amp;lt;·d&amp;lt;sup&amp;lt;-1&amp;lt;/sup&amp;lt;) by gavage and intraperitoneal injection, respectively.&amp;lt;/sec&amp;lt;&amp;lt;sec&amp;lt;		 &amp;lt;b&amp;lt;Results&amp;lt;/b&amp;lt; Tumor volume and weight decreased significantly in both groups of nude mice treated with LFBE. In addition, the cell apoptosis rate of the LFBE group was significantly higher than that of the control group and 5-FU groups as measured by the TUNEL assay. Moreover, the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blot methods further confirmed these apoptosis-enhancing and growth-inhibiting effects. The involvement of LFBE in inducing apoptosis was confirmed by the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, and cyclinD1.&amp;lt;/sec&amp;lt;&amp;lt;sec&amp;lt;		 &amp;lt;b&amp;lt;Conclusion&amp;lt;/b&amp;lt; The results showed that LFBE could induce subcutaneous transplantation tumor apoptosis in nude mice and could be used as a natural nutrient supplement or chemopreventive agent in the treatment of human colon cancer.		&amp;lt;/sec&amp;lt;]]></description>
	      	<volume>30</volume>
	      	<issue>1</issue>
	      	<startPage>10</startPage>
	      	<endPage>21</endPage>
	      	<author>
				Fang YAO, Jia Yan ZHANG, Xiang XIAO, Ying DONG, Xing Hua ZHOU
	      	</author>
	    </item>
    	    <item>
	       	<title>An Improved Barcoded Oligonucleotide Primers-based Next-generation Sequencing Approach for Direct Identification of Viral Pathogens in Clinical Specimens</title>
	      	<link>//article/id/9661d2d9-dff1-46cf-8f5b-7e7ca4d4d6b9</link>
	     	<description><![CDATA[&amp;lt;sec&amp;lt;		 &amp;lt;b&amp;lt;Objective&amp;lt;/b&amp;lt; To provide a feasible and cost-effective next-generation sequencing (NGS) method for accurate identification of viral pathogens in clinical specimens, because enormous limitations impede the clinical use of common NGS, such as high cost, complicated procedures, tremendous data analysis, and high background noise in clinical samples.&amp;lt;/sec&amp;lt;&amp;lt;sec&amp;lt;		 &amp;lt;b&amp;lt;Methods&amp;lt;/b&amp;lt; Viruses from cell culture materials or clinical specimens were identified following an improved NGS procedure:reduction of background noise by sample preprocessing, viral enrichment by barcoded oligonucleotide (random hexamer or non-ribosomal hexanucleotide) primer-based amplification, fragmentation-free library construction and sequencing of one-tube mixtures, as well as rapid data analysis using an in-house pipeline.&amp;lt;/sec&amp;lt;&amp;lt;sec&amp;lt;		 &amp;lt;b&amp;lt;Results&amp;lt;/b&amp;lt; NGS data demonstrated that both barcoded primer sets were useful to simultaneously capture multiple viral pathogens in cell culture materials or clinical specimens and verified that hexanucleotide primers captured as many viral sequences as hexamers did. Moreover, direct testing of clinical specimens using this improved hexanucleotide primer-based NGS approach provided further detailed genotypes of enteroviruses causing hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) and identified other potential viruses or differentiated misdiagnosis events.&amp;lt;/sec&amp;lt;&amp;lt;sec&amp;lt;		 &amp;lt;b&amp;lt;Conclusion&amp;lt;/b&amp;lt; The improved barcoded oligonucleotide primer-based NGS approach is simplified, time saving, cost effective, and appropriate for direct identification of viral pathogens in clinical practice.		&amp;lt;/sec&amp;lt;]]></description>
	      	<volume>30</volume>
	      	<issue>1</issue>
	      	<startPage>22</startPage>
	      	<endPage>34</endPage>
	      	<author>
				Chun Hua WANG, Kai NIE, Yi ZHANG, Ji WANG, Shuai Feng ZHOU, Xin Na LI, Hang Yu ZHOU, Shun Xiang QI, Xue Jun MA
	      	</author>
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	       	<title>&amp;lt;i&amp;lt;CDH13&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt; Genetic Polymorphisms, Adiponectin and Ischemic Stroke: a Chinese Family-based Sib-pair Study</title>
	      	<link>//article/id/d88291b2-aa9f-42a9-bdae-336dd6a98959</link>
	     	<description><![CDATA[&amp;lt;sec&amp;lt;		 &amp;lt;b&amp;lt;Objective&amp;lt;/b&amp;lt; To understand the relationships between &amp;lt;i&amp;lt;CDH13&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt; (T-cadherin) genetic polymorphisms, adiponectin levels and ischemic stroke, and possible interactions between &amp;lt;i&amp;lt;CDH13&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt; polymorphisms and other risk factors.&amp;lt;/sec&amp;lt;&amp;lt;sec&amp;lt;		 &amp;lt;b&amp;lt;Methods&amp;lt;/b&amp;lt; We recruited 342 Chinese ischemic stroke sib pairs. We genotyped rs4783244 and rs7193788 on &amp;lt;i&amp;lt;CDH13&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt; using time-of-flight mass spectrometry genotyping technology and measured total and high-molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin levels. We investigated associations between SNPs and ischemic stroke, and interactions between SNPs and other risk factors using multi-level mixed-effects regression model.&amp;lt;/sec&amp;lt;&amp;lt;sec&amp;lt;		 &amp;lt;b&amp;lt;Results&amp;lt;/b&amp;lt; In individuals without ischemic stroke, &amp;lt;i&amp;lt;CDH13&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt; rs4783244 was associated with total adiponectin levels (per T:Coef=-0.257, &amp;lt;i&amp;lt;P&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt;=0.001). &amp;lt;i&amp;lt;CDH13&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt; rs7193788 was associated with total adiponectin levels (per A:Coef=-0.221, &amp;lt;i&amp;lt;P&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt;=0.001) and HMW adiponectin levels (per A:Coef=-0.163, &amp;lt;i&amp;lt;P&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt;=0.003). rs7193788 was significantly associated with ischemic stroke (GA/AA &amp;lt;i&amp;lt;vs&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt;. GG:&amp;lt;i&amp;lt;OR&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt;=1.55, 95% &amp;lt;i&amp;lt;CI&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt;:1.07 to 2.24, &amp;lt;i&amp;lt;P&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt;=0.020) after Bonferroni correction (α=0.025). There was an interaction between rs7193788 and diabetes (&amp;lt;i&amp;lt;P&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt;=0.036). Compared to diabetes-free individuals with rs7193788 GG genotype, diabetes patients with rs7193788 GA/AA genotypes had higher risks for ischemic stroke (&amp;lt;i&amp;lt;OR&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt;=2.64, 95% &amp;lt;i&amp;lt;CI&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt;:1.58-4.40, &amp;lt;i&amp;lt;P&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt;&amp;lt;0.001).&amp;lt;/sec&amp;lt;&amp;lt;sec&amp;lt;		 &amp;lt;b&amp;lt;Conclusion&amp;lt;/b&amp;lt; &amp;lt;i&amp;lt;CDH13&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt; genetic polymorphisms are associated with adiponectin levels and ischemic stroke. An interaction is found between &amp;lt;i&amp;lt;CDH13&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt; SNP and diabetes for ischemic stroke.		&amp;lt;/sec&amp;lt;]]></description>
	      	<volume>30</volume>
	      	<issue>1</issue>
	      	<startPage>35</startPage>
	      	<endPage>43</endPage>
	      	<author>
				Li CHEN, Ke Xin SUN, Juan JUAN, Kai FANG, Kuo LIU, Xue Yin WANG, Ling WANG, Chao YANG, Xiao Qiang LIU, Jing LI, Xun TANG, Yi Qun WU, Xue Ying QIN, Tao WU, Da Fang CHEN, Yong Hua HU
	      	</author>
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    	    <item>
	       	<title>Glutamate Impairs Mitochondria Aerobic Respiration Capacity and Enhances Glycolysis in Cultured Rat Astrocytes</title>
	      	<link>//article/id/1d863f5b-1342-4a6c-a15c-b9ddd906315c</link>
	     	<description><![CDATA[&amp;lt;sec&amp;lt;		 &amp;lt;b&amp;lt;Objective&amp;lt;/b&amp;lt; To study the effect of glutamate on metabolism, shifts in glycolysis and lactate release in rat astrocytes.&amp;lt;/sec&amp;lt;&amp;lt;sec&amp;lt;		 &amp;lt;b&amp;lt;Methods&amp;lt;/b&amp;lt; After 10 days, secondary cultured astrocytes were treated with 1 mmol/L glutamate for 1 h, and the oxygen consumption rates (OCR) and extra cellular acidification rate (ECAR) was analyzed using a Seahorse XF 24 Extracellular Flux Analyzer. Cell viability was then evaluated by MTT assay. Moreover, changes in extracellular lactate concentration induced by glutamate were tested with a lactate detection kit.&amp;lt;/sec&amp;lt;&amp;lt;sec&amp;lt;		 &amp;lt;b&amp;lt;Results&amp;lt;/b&amp;lt; Compared with the control group, treatment with 1 mmol/L glutamate decreased the astrocytes&apos; maximal respiration and spare respiratory capacity but increased their glycolytic capacity and glycolytic reserve. Further analysis found that 1-h treatment with different concentrations of glutamate (0.1-1 mmol/L) increased lactate release from astrocytes, however the cell viability was not affected by the glutamate treatment.&amp;lt;/sec&amp;lt;&amp;lt;sec&amp;lt;		 &amp;lt;b&amp;lt;Conclusion&amp;lt;/b&amp;lt; The current study provided direct evidence that exogenous glutamate treatment impaired the mitochondrial respiration capacity of astrocytes and enhanced aerobic glycolysis, which could be involved in glutamate injury or protection mechanisms in response to neurological disorders.		&amp;lt;/sec&amp;lt;]]></description>
	      	<volume>30</volume>
	      	<issue>1</issue>
	      	<startPage>44</startPage>
	      	<endPage>51</endPage>
	      	<author>
				Xu YAN, Zhong Fang SHI, Li Xin XU, Jia Xin LI, Min WU, Xiao Xuan WANG, Mei JIA, Li Ping DONG, Shao Hua YANG, Fang YUAN
	      	</author>
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    	    <item>
	       	<title>Comparison of Mineral Contents in Three Different Tobacco Formulations</title>
	      	<link>//article/id/881ea29a-2340-4d4d-8194-394c7777cd26</link>
	     	<description><![CDATA[]]></description>
	      	<volume>30</volume>
	      	<issue>1</issue>
	      	<startPage>52</startPage>
	      	<endPage>58</endPage>
	      	<author>
				Ikram HOUAS, Hassen TEYEB, ROCHINA-MARCO Arancha, Wahiba DOUKI, Mohamed Fadhel NAJJAR, Lotfi GAHA, Maria Luisa CERVERA, LA GUARDIA Miguel DE
	      	</author>
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    	    <item>
	       	<title>Lifespan Risk Exposure Measurement Instrument: a Feasible and Effective Tool for Life Course Epidemiology Research</title>
	      	<link>//article/id/af9ae844-e8ae-419e-9dff-5e801b53ef46</link>
	     	<description><![CDATA[]]></description>
	      	<volume>30</volume>
	      	<issue>1</issue>
	      	<startPage>59</startPage>
	      	<endPage>63</endPage>
	      	<author>
				Li Jie DING, Rui Hong LIU, Xiao Kang JI, Zhong Shang YUAN, Tao ZHANG, Fu Zhong XUE
	      	</author>
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    	    <item>
	       	<title>Genetic Variants in the &amp;lt;i&amp;lt;ELOVL5&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt; but not &amp;lt;i&amp;lt;ELOVL2&amp;lt;/i&amp;lt; Gene Associated with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Han Chinese Breast Milk</title>
	      	<link>//article/id/99876546-0fce-4ee4-982b-c782ecfa2a9a</link>
	     	<description><![CDATA[]]></description>
	      	<volume>30</volume>
	      	<issue>1</issue>
	      	<startPage>64</startPage>
	      	<endPage>67</endPage>
	      	<author>
				Xiang LI, Zhen Wei GAN, Zhen DING, Yi Xia WU, Xue Yan CHEN, Hui Min TIAN, Guo Liang LIU, Ye Tong YANG, Lin XIE
	      	</author>
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    	    <item>
	       	<title>Characterization of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 Viruses Isolated from Domestic Poultry in China</title>
	      	<link>//article/id/09ebf8c9-a161-4cb3-a4ea-d204e82ca8d1</link>
	     	<description><![CDATA[]]></description>
	      	<volume>30</volume>
	      	<issue>1</issue>
	      	<startPage>68</startPage>
	      	<endPage>74</endPage>
	      	<author>
				Cheng Cai LAI, Ke Yu WANG, Rui CHEN, Ai Jun ZHANG, Hong Jing GU, Yan Bo YIN, Dong Dong WANG, Lin Lin LIU, Li XING, Yi Gang TONG, Zong Juan MA, Peng Hui YANG, Xi Liang WANG
	      	</author>
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    	    <item>
	       	<title>Neodymium Oxide Induces Cytotoxicity and Activates NF-κB and Caspase-3 in NR8383 Cells</title>
	      	<link>//article/id/34ffc844-4525-4dde-b8ee-650b2e6a1515</link>
	     	<description><![CDATA[]]></description>
	      	<volume>30</volume>
	      	<issue>1</issue>
	      	<startPage>75</startPage>
	      	<endPage>78</endPage>
	      	<author>
				Li Hua HUANG, Huan YANG, Xin SU, Yan Rong GAO, Hai Nan XUE, Su Hua WANG
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